How Lenders Assess Affordability and Calculate How Much You Can Borrow

by | Jul 9, 2024

How much can I borrow?

As a premier whole-of-market mortgage broker based in Bournemouth, we offer expert mortgage advice to clients in Bournemouth, Poole, Christchurch, and beyond. Understanding how lenders assess affordability and calculate how much you can borrow is crucial when planning to purchase a property. This guide provides insights into the key factors lenders consider and the various income types they take into account. 

How Lenders Assess Affordability 

Lenders assess mortgage affordability to ensure you can comfortably meet your mortgage repayments. The assessment involves a detailed evaluation of your income, outgoings, and financial commitments. 

Key Factors Considered: 

  • Income Assessment 
  • Outgoings and Existing Debt 
  • Credit History and Score 
  • Deposit Amount 
  • Interest Rate Stress Testing 

 

Detailed Breakdown of Income Types Considered 

Lenders consider various income sources to determine your borrowing capacity. Here’s how they evaluate different types of income: 

Guaranteed Basic Salary 

100% Usage: Lenders use 100% of your guaranteed basic salary in their affordability calculations. This is the most straightforward income type to assess. 

Bonus, Commission, and Overtime 

50-100% Usage: Lenders may use between 50% and 100% of your bonus, commission, and overtime earnings. The exact percentage depends on the consistency and reliability of these earnings over time. 

Allowances 

Shift and Car Allowances: Additional allowances such as shift allowances and car allowances are considered by lenders as part of your income. The full amount of these allowances can typically be used in affordability assessments. 

Self-Employed Income 

Net Profit: For self-employed individuals, lenders use the net profit figure from your business accounts. This figure reflects your business’s profitability and your personal earnings from the business. 

Limited Company Directors 

Salary and Dividends: If you are a limited company director with a 20% shareholding or more, lenders will assess your affordability using either: 

A combination of salary and dividends, averaged over the last two years. 

Salary and net profit of the business, averaged over the last two years. 

In some cases a lender may use your latest years figures only 

Pension Income 

100% Usage: For those in receipt of pension income, lenders will use 100% of this income in their affordability calculations. This applies to both private and state pensions. 

How Lenders Calculate Borrowing Capacity 

Once all relevant income sources are assessed, lenders will determine your borrowing capacity. Here’s how the process works: 

Total Income Calculation: Lenders sum up your various income sources, applying the appropriate percentages for bonus, commission, and overtime. 

Debt-to-Income Ratio: Lenders calculate your debt-to-income ratio, ensuring that your total debt payments (including the potential mortgage) do not exceed a certain percentage of your income. 

Stress Testing: Lenders perform stress tests to evaluate your ability to manage mortgage repayments under different financial scenarios, such as interest rate increases. 

Affordability Assessment: Based on the total income and stress testing results, lenders determine the maximum loan amount you can afford. 

Preparing for Your Mortgage Application 

To ensure a smooth mortgage application process, prepare the following documents: 

  • Payslips (Last 3 Months) 
  • Bank Statements (Last 3 Months) 
  • Self-Employment Accounts (Last 3 Years) 
  • SA302s and Tax Overviews (Last 3 Years) 
  • Pension Statements 
  • Bonus, Commission, and Overtime Documentation 

Why Choose Us for Your Mortgage Needs 

At Key To Mortgages, we provide personalised mortgage advice tailored to your unique financial situation. Our whole-of-market acess ensures you have access to the best mortgage deals available, whether you’re employed, self-employed, or retired. We guide you through every step of the mortgage process, from initial affordability assessments to securing the best mortgage deal. 

Final Thoughts 

Understanding how lenders assess affordability and calculate your borrowing capacity is essential for securing a mortgage that suits your financial situation. By knowing how different income types are evaluated and preparing the necessary documentation, you can enhance your chances of mortgage approval and find the perfect property. 

For expert mortgage advice tailored to your needs in Bournemouth, Poole, Christchurch, and beyond, contact us today. We are here to help you navigate the mortgage process and secure the best deal for your dream home. 

Contact Key To Mortgages for comprehensive mortgage advice and support. Our dedicated team is ready to assist you with all your mortgage needs in Bournemouth, Poole, and Christchurch. 

Your home may be repossessed if you do not keep up repayments on your mortgage. 

We offer a free initial mortgage consultation. There may be a fee for arranging your mortgage and the precise amount will depend on your circumstances. We typically charge a fee of £595.00.

Navigating the Mortgage Maze with a Bad Credit History

If you’re looking to secure a mortgage but have a less-than-perfect credit history, you might feel like the odds are stacked against you.

Understanding Affordability for Buy-to-Let vs. Residential Mortgages: What You Need to Know

When you’re thinking about getting a mortgage, whether it’s for your dream home or a rental investment, it’s important to know how lenders figure out what you can afford.

Understanding LTV in Mortgages: What You Need to Know

Ever wondered what LTV means when it comes to mortgages? ? LTV stands for Loan-to-Value. It’s a key factor lenders use to determine the risk of a loan.

How Much Deposit Do You Need to Buy a Property?

Buying a property is a significant financial commitment, and one of the most crucial steps in the process is saving for a deposit.

The Importance of Having Your Documents Ready for a Mortgage Application: A Guide for Bournemouth, Poole, and Christchurch Homebuyers

As a leading whole-of-market mortgage broker based in Bournemouth, offering expert mortgage advice to clients in Bournemouth, Poole, Christchurch, and beyond, we understand the importance of a smooth and efficient mortgage application process.

Understanding the Costs Involved in Arranging a Mortgage: A Guide for Bournemouth, Poole, and Christchurch Homebuyers

Buying a home is one of the most significant financial commitments you will make. As a leading whole-of-market mortgage broker based in Bournemouth, we offer expert mortgage advice to clients in Bournemouth, Poole, and Christchurch and beyond. One of the most crucial aspects of purchasing a property is understanding the various costs involved in arranging a mortgage.

Why use a mortgage broker?

Yes, you could go direct to your bank, or try and navigate the mortgage market yourselves, but with 1000’s of mortgage products available, from over 100 lenders you’ll want to know you’re getting the cheapest deal!

What is Stamp duty?

Stamp Duty is a tax you might have to pay if you buy a residential property or a piece of land over a certain price.  You will pay Stamp Duty on residential properties costing more than £250,000 unless you qualify for first-time buyers’ relief.  If you’re an eligible...

Why do I need insurance?

Insurance can mean different things to different people. It is about providing security and peace of mind in knowing that whatever turns life takes everything that means anything to you can be protected.  The law dictates certain types of protection, for example car...

Key To Mortgages: Top Tips for prospective Landlords

Embarking on the journey to becoming a landlord is an exciting yet challenging venture. To help you navigate this process successfully, here are some essential tips from Key To Mortgages, your trusted Bournemouth mortgage broker. Whether you're in Bournemouth,...